The cyclical event seen in sexually mature female in which there
is per vaginal bleeding due to sheding of endometrium because of withdrawl of
estrogen and progestrogen
The average menstrual cycle lasts
28 days
Menstrual
stage
The first 3 to 5 days of the cycle are
characterized by menstrual flow.
There is withdrawal of hormones due to degeneration of hormones so constriction of endometrial arteriole then tissue ischemia
and shedding of endometrium which leads to pervaginal bleeding
Proliferative
(estrogenic) stage
. Begins during the later stages of
menstrual flow and continues through the 13th or
14th day
Ovarian
events
There is follicular growth due to
stimulation of FSH . The growing
follicle produce estrogen which leads to endometrial change in uterus
Uterine
events
Due to action of estrogen there is
massive hyperplasia of endometrial cells
Hyperplasia of glands and watery
secrection
Endometrium become highly
vascularise
As the estrogen level persistently
become high it gives positive feedback to hypothalamus which leads to massive
release of LH that leads to release of
ovum from the ovary called as ovulation after ovulation graffian follicle
changed into corpus leuteum which secrects progesterone and the cycle moves to
secrectory phase
Secretory
phase
Corpus leutem secrects progesteron
which leads to fowling endometrial changes
·
Continues
the hypertrophy of the endometrium
·
There
is increased vascularity and increased edema.
·
Hypertrophy
of the gland and thick secrection from
endometrium
·
Blood
vessels become more spiral.
Some remedies for painful mensuration:
- Hot water therapy
- Warm bath
- Light exercise
- Balanced diet
- Some NSAIDS like Mefenamic acid, Ibuprofen etc.
